Proving Identities for Trig

clz9368

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Oct 13, 2010
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I have been working on my homework for over an hour and can only solve 3 out of the 5 problems! I need help with these trigonometric identities badly! I have tried to solve them several different ways and none of them seem to lead me to my answer. I need to see how to solve the entire problem, not just the first step, please.


Prove the following identity is true: 1/cscx-sinx = tanxsecx



Prove the following identity is true: cos^4x-sin^4x/cos^2x = 2-sec^2x
 
clz9368 said:
I have been working on my homework for over an hour and can only solve 3 out of the 5 problems! I need help with these trigonometric identities badly! I have tried to solve them several different ways and none of them seem to lead me to my answer. I need to see how to solve the entire problem, not just the first step, please.


Prove the following identity is true: 1/cscx-sinx = tanxsecx



Prove the following identity is true: cos^4x-sin^4x/cos^2x = 2-sec^2x

We understand that - but where do we start?

Do you know
\(\displaystyle csc(x) \ = \ \frac{1}{sin(x)}\)

If you do - have you tried to apply that for problem (1)?

What other identities that you know and you have tried to apply for problem (1)?

Incidentally, the first problem should be written as follows:

Prove the following identity is true: 1/[csc(x)-sin(x)] = tan(x) * sec(x)

What you wrote translates into:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{cscx} - 1 = tanxsecx\)

which is NOT an identity.

Please share your work with us, indicating exactly where you are stuck - so that we may know where to begin to help you.
 
Let me rewrite the problems because I see where they could be confusing. I will put the work I have done too, but I have tried multiple routes for each problem.

Prove that the following identity is true: 1/(cscx-sinx) = tanx*secx

Work:
I decided to work with the left side of my equation which I am not even sure is the best way.
First I changed cscx to secx/tanx and changed sinx into cosx/cotx.
That gave me this equation:
(tanx-cotx)/(secx-cosx)
Then I changed cosx into sinx/tanx.
That gave me:
(tan^2x-cotx*tanx)/(secx-sinx)
I changed tan^2x to sec^2x-1 which allowed me to cancel out the secx in the denominator and one of the secx in the numerator.
So it left me with:
(secx-1-cotx*tanx)/-sinx

I know this is all getting me no where and really don't know what else to do.


Prove that the following identity is true: (cos^4x-sin^4x)/cos^2x = 2-sec^2x

Work:
I started to work out the left side because it was the most complex side, but gave me more to work with and break down.
The first thing I did was factor my numerator on the left side which gave me:
(cos^2x+sin^2x)*(cos^2x-sin^2x)/cos^2x.
I don't really know what to do after that.
 
clz9368 said:
Let me rewrite the problems because I see where they could be confusing. I will put the work I have done too, but I have tried multiple routes for each problem.

Prove that the following identity is true: 1/(cscx-sinx) = tanx*secx

Work:
I decided to work with the left side of my equation which I am not even sure is the best way.

Try the same technique for the next problem
______________________________________________________________________________
Whenever you have trouble with trig-identity - change "everything" to sin(x) and cos(x). So the first problem becomes:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{csc(x)-sin(x)}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ \frac{1}{\frac{1}{sin(x)}-sin(x)}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ \frac{1}{\frac{1 \ - \ \sin^2(x)}{sin(x)}}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ \frac{sin(x)}{1 \ - \ \sin^2(x)}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ \frac{sin(x)}{cos^2(x)}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ \frac{sin(x)}{cos(x)} \ * \ \frac{1}{cos(x)}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ tan(x) \ * \ sec(x)\)

_________________________________________________________________________



First I changed cscx to secx/tanx and changed sinx into cosx/cotx.
That gave me this equation:
(tanx-cotx)/(secx-cosx)
Then I changed cosx into sinx/tanx.
That gave me:
(tan^2x-cotx*tanx)/(secx-sinx)
I changed tan^2x to sec^2x-1 which allowed me to cancel out the secx in the denominator and one of the secx in the numerator.
So it left me with:
(secx-1-cotx*tanx)/-sinx

I know this is all getting me no where and really don't know what else to do.


Prove that the following identity is true: (cos^4x-sin^4x)/cos^2x = 2-sec^2x

Work:
I started to work out the left side because it was the most complex side, but gave me more to work with and break down.
The first thing I did was factor my numerator on the left side which gave me:
(cos^2x+sin^2x)*(cos^2x-sin^2x)/cos^2x.
I don't really know what to do after that.
 
Wow, that was a lot easier than I was making it. What should I do with the second one though?.. since everything is already in sin and cos form.
 
clz9368 said:
Prove the following identity is true: cos^4x-sin^4x/cos^2x = 2-sec^2x

I ASSUME that you mean

(cos[sup:162fd475]4[/sup:162fd475] x - sin[sup:162fd475]4[/sup:162fd475] x) / cos[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x = 2 - sec[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x

Again, those grouping symbols are important to clarify what belongs in the numerator!!

Factoring the numerator on the left side is a good idea:

[(cos[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x + sin[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x) ( cos[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x - sin[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x) / cos[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x

Review the Pythagorean identities....

What's a simpler way to express cos[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x + sin[sup:162fd475]2[/sup:162fd475] x?


Make that substitution.

If you're still having trouble, please show us what you have done further.
 
yes, I corrected my first post and used grouping symbols. I completely overlooked that cos^2x + sin^2x= 1. I will try to finish it myself now, but if I can't figure it out, I will let you know. Thank you.
 
After subsituting 1 in for (cos^2x+sin^2x), the only thing I can think to do is take the cos^2x in the denominator and make is 1/sec^2x which still doesn't help because it isn't negative and it wont help me cancel out my (cos^2x-sin^2x) in the numerator. I am thinking that will somehow give me my 2 I need to prove the identity, but don't really know how?
 
clz9368 said:
After subsituting 1 in for (cos^2x+sin^2x), the only thing I can think to do is take the cos^2x in the denominator and make is 1/sec^2x which still doesn't help because it isn't negative and it wont help me cancel out my (cos^2x-sin^2x) in the numerator. I am thinking that will somehow give me my 2 I need to prove the identity, but don't really know how?

Call Pythagorus again!!!!

The following identity is an important one to remember for later uses.

\(\displaystyle cos^2(x) \ - \ sin^2(x) \ = \ cos^2(x) \ - \ [1-cos^2(x)] \ = \ 2cos^2(x) \ - \ 1\)
 
\(\displaystyle \frac{cos^4(x)-sin^4(x)}{cos^2(x)} \ = \ \frac{[cos^2(x)+sin^2(x)][cos^2(x)-sin^2(x)]}{cos^2(x)}\)

\(\displaystyle = \ \frac{(1)[cos^2(x)-sin^2(x)]}{cos^2(x)} \ = \ 1-tan^2(x) \ = \ 1-[sec^2(x)-1] \ = \ 2-sec^2(x).\)

\(\displaystyle x \ne \ \frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi, \ k \ an \ integer.\)
 
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